Snapshot

In the spunbond technology, usually, a thermoplastic fibre forming the polymer is extruded to form fine filaments fibres of around 15–35-micrometre diameter. The attenuated filaments are collected on a conveyor belt in the form of a web. The filaments in the web are then bonded to make spunbond nonwoven fabric. Spunbond technology uses preferably thermoplastic polymers with high molecular weight and broad molecular weight distribution such as polypropylene (PP) and polyester (PET). To a small extent, other polyolefins, as well as a variety of polyamides (PA), are used. Among various polymers, isotactic polypropylene (PP) is the most widely used polymer for spun bond nonwovens production.

The spunbond technology, in its simplest form, consists of four processes namely, spinning, drawing, web formation, and web bonding. The spun bond process is widely used to produce nonwoven fabrics. Components of a spunbond process typically include a polymer feed, an extruder, a metering pump, a die assembly, a filament spinning, a drawing and deposition system, a web formation, a bonding zone, and a winding. Spunbond products are variously used in disposable and medical applications, automotive industry, filtration, civil engineering, packaging applications, carpet backing applications, geotextiles, durable papers, bedding, pillows, furnishings, etc. In the future, the consumption of spunbond fabrics is expected to continue to grow in both durable and disposable products. The main applications for spunbond nonwovens are in automobiles, civil engineering, hygiene, medical, packaging, and agriculture.